The judicial system of Rwanda is a fundamental pillar of the rule of law, tasked with ensuring justice, protecting rights, and resolving disputes. The organization, functioning, and competence of courts in Rwanda are governed by the Constitution and relevant organic laws. The court system is structured into ordinary and specialized jurisdictions, including the Supreme Court, Court of Appeal, Intermediate Courts, Primary Courts, and specialized bodies like the Commercial Courts and Military Courts. Each level of court has clearly defined jurisdiction (competence) and procedural rules that guide how cases are received, heard, and decided. This structure promotes efficiency, accessibility, and fairness in the administration of justice, while also upholding principles such as judicial independence, impartiality, and accountability. Understanding this system is essential for legal professionals, scholars, and citizens seeking to engage with Rwanda’s justice mechanisms.
- Lecturer: UWIMANA NDIYAYE Innocent